Unlocking the Potential of the Ginkgo Biloba Extract for Adults 50 Years Old and Above: A Comprehensive Guide

By /

Practical Significance of Ginkgo Biloba Extract for Adults 50 Years Old and Above

Ginkgo biloba, a tree native to China, has been used in traditional medicine for centuries and is now widely incorporated into dietary supplements aimed at enhancing cognitive function and overall well-being, particularly in adults over 50. The extract from Ginkgo biloba leaves contains flavonoids and terpenoids, which are believed to have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Cognitive Enhancements in Older Adults

One of the primary reasons Ginkgo biloba extract is valued in nutraceutical supplements for older adults is its potential impact on cognitive function. A study conducted by Maher, Bronya F. G., et al. (2002) demonstrated that the combined administration of Ginkgo biloba with Panax Ginseng could improve working memory and other cognitive functions [1]. This finding is particularly relevant for adults aged 50 and above, who may begin experiencing mild cognitive impairments.

Furthermore, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial highlighted the cognitive benefits of Ginkgo biloba in older adults. The study found that a higher dose of 950 mg of Greek mountain tea, which included Ginkgo biloba as an active control, significantly reduced false alarms in a cognitive task, indicating enhanced attention and working memory after 28 days of consumption [2]. Additionally, the effect of ginkgo on improving cognitive functions such as memory and attention in older adults is noteworthy, further underscoring its value in cognitive health supplements.

Mood and Mental Health Benefits

In addition to cognitive improvements, Ginkgo biloba extract has been associated with benefits in mood regulation among older adults. The same study that noted cognitive enhancements also reported significant reductions in state anxiety after 28 days of consuming a high dose of Greek mountain tea with Ginkgo biloba [2]. This suggests that Ginkgo biloba may help in alleviating anxiety symptoms, contributing to an overall improvement in mental health and quality of life.

Cerebrovascular Health and Blood Flow

Ginkgo biloba’s impact on cerebrovascular health, particularly through enhancing cerebral blood flow, is another critical aspect of its use in supplements for older adults. Enhanced blood flow is crucial for maintaining cognitive function and preventing vascular-related cognitive deterioration. The extract has been shown to improve cerebral blood flow, which is vital for cognitive health, especially in the aging population [3].

Practical Recommendations

For adults 50 years and older considering Ginkgo biloba supplements, it is recommended to look for products that provide a clear indication of the extract’s concentration and purity. A daily dosage ranging from 240 mg to around 600 mg has been used in studies showing positive effects on cognitive function and mood [1][2].

However, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially for those with pre-existing health conditions or those taking other medications. When taking ginkgo, it’s crucial to monitor for potential drug interactions, particularly for adults over 50 who may be on medications such as hypertension or diabetes medications.

In conclusion, Ginkgo biloba extract offers promising benefits for cognitive function, mood enhancement, and cardiovascular health in adults over 50. Its inclusion in dietary supplements as a nonpharmaceutical intervention can be a valuable part of an overall strategy to maintain and enhance health and well-being in later life.

Clinical References:

  • [1] Maher, Bronya F. G., et al. “The Acute Effects of Combined Administration of Ginkgo Biloba and Bacopa Monniera on Cognitive Function in Humans.” Human Psychopharmacology, vol. 17, no. 3, 2002, pp. 163-164, doi:10.1002/hup.379. PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12404694/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [2] Wightman, Emma L., et al. “The Acute and Chronic Cognitive and Cerebral Blood Flow Effects of a Sideritis Scardica (Greek Mountain Tea) Extract: A Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Groups Study in Healthy Humans.” Nutrients, vol. 10, no. 8, 24 Jul. 2018, 955, doi:10.3390/nu10080955. PubMed Central (PMC), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6116054/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [3] Satvat, Elham. “Neural and Behavioural Effects of the Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract Egb 761.” Semantic Scholar, 2009, https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/65c39ebf7e46786b1bd830d5a607faac0ac977c8. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.

Origin of Ginkgo Biloba in Japan

Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as the maidenhair tree, is a unique species of tree with a rich history and cultural significance, particularly in East Asia. It is the only surviving member of the ancient order Ginkgoales, which dates back over 290 million years [8].

Historical Cultivation and Spread

Ginkgo biloba is native to China, where it has been cultivated for thousands of years, particularly around temples and monasteries [4][6]. The tree was first introduced to Japan from China. Historical records suggest that ginkgo trees were under cultivation in China by the late 10th or 11th century and were later brought to Korea and Japan [7].

Ginkgo Biloba in Japanese Culture

In Japan, the ginkgo tree holds a special place in cultural and religious practices. It was widely planted for its beauty and the utility of its nuts and leaves. The tree’s introduction to Japan is deeply intertwined with cultural exchanges between Japan and China during historical periods [5]. The ginkgo leaf has even been adopted in logos, such as that of the University of Tokyo, symbolizing its deep-rooted presence in Japanese academia and culture [8].

Conclusion

Ginkgo biloba’s journey from China to Japan represents a significant cultural transfer and has led to the ginkgo being an integral part of the Japanese landscape and cultural heritage. Despite its non-native status, the ginkgo tree is celebrated in Japan for its beauty, resilience, and historical significance.

References:

Pros of Ginkgo Biloba Extract for Adults 50 Years Old and Above

Cognitive Function Enhancement

Ginkgo biloba extract is renowned for its potential cognitive-enhancing effects, particularly in adults over the age of 50. Human studies have demonstrated that Ginkgo biloba can improve various aspects of cognitive function. For instance, research has shown that acute administration of Ginkgo biloba may enhance cognitive performance, including improved short-term memory scanning speed and reaction time to visual stimuli. This was evidenced by improved scores on the Sternberg Memory Scanning Test following treatment with 600 mg of Ginkgo [10]. Additionally, doses of 240 mg and 360 mg have been associated with sustained improvements in attention [10]. These findings suggest that Ginkgo biloba extract could be a valuable component of a health dietary nutraceutical supplement aimed at supporting cognitive function in older adults.

Cardiovascular Health Support

While the primary focus of Ginkgo biloba extract has been on cognitive benefits, its influence on cardiovascular health is also noteworthy. Ginkgo biloba has been documented to enhance cerebral blood flow and microcirculation [27]. This is significant for adults over 50, as maintaining optimal blood flow is crucial for overall cardiovascular health. The improvement in microcirculation may contribute to better oxygen and nutrient delivery to the brain and other vital organs, which is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health.

Anti-Aging Properties

The anti-aging potential of Ginkgo biloba extract is another area of interest for adults aged 50 and above. Ginkgo biloba contains antioxidants that may protect the body against oxidative stress, which is a factor in the aging process [11]. Although the study cited does not directly link Ginkgo biloba extract to increased lifespan in humans, the antioxidant properties of its constituents, such as kaempferol and quercetin, suggest a potential for slowing down aging-related cellular damage [11]. This could make Ginkgo biloba extract a promising ingredient in nutraceutical supplements designed for anti-aging purposes.

In conclusion, Ginkgo biloba extract shows promise as a key ingredient in nutraceutical supplements for prevention strategies, particularly for adults 50 years old and above. Its potential benefits in enhancing cognitive function, supporting cardiovascular health, and possessing anti-aging properties are supported by human studies [10][11][12]. These attributes make it a valuable component for individuals concerned about maintaining their health and well-being as they age.

Clinical References:

Cons of Ginkgo Biloba Extract for Adults 50 Years Old and Above

Potential for Adverse Drug Reactions

One significant concern with the use of Ginkgo biloba extract in adults aged 50 and above is the potential for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). A case report highlighted the occurrence of severe ADRs, such as anaphylactic shock, following the administration of Ginkgo biloba extract. This incident underscores the importance of careful patient selection and monitoring, especially in middle-aged and elderly patients who might be more susceptible to such reactions [15]. Although this is a rare occurrence, it is a critical consideration for individuals considering Ginkgo biloba as part of their health regimen.

Limited Efficacy in Certain Cognitive Aspects

While Ginkgo biloba is often promoted for its cognitive-enhancing effects, some studies suggest that its efficacy may be limited. A study involving healthy older adults assessed the impact of Ginkgo biloba on a range of cognitive abilities and found no statistically significant improvement in most cognitive functions, except for a slight improvement in longer-term memory tasks. This indicates that while Ginkgo may offer some benefits, its effectiveness in enhancing overall cognitive function is not robust [14]. This finding is crucial for individuals seeking significant cognitive improvement from nutraceutical supplements.

Interaction with Medications

Another concern is Ginkgo biloba’s interaction with other medications, particularly those that affect blood coagulation. Ginkgo has been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation, which can prolong bleeding time. This property, while potentially beneficial in preventing clot-related conditions, poses a risk when combined with anticoagulant drugs like warfarin or antiplatelet medications such as aspirin. This interaction increases the risk of bleeding, which can be particularly hazardous for the elderly or those with underlying health conditions [13]. Therefore, individuals on such medications should consult healthcare providers before starting Ginkgo biloba supplements.

In conclusion, while Ginkgo biloba extract has potential health benefits for adults aged 50 and above, there are several considerations and potential drawbacks to keep in mind. These include the risk of severe adverse drug reactions, limited efficacy in enhancing cognitive function, possible interactions with medications, and inconsistent results across studies [13][14][15]. Individuals interested in using Ginkgo biloba should consider these factors and consult healthcare professionals to ensure it is appropriate for their specific health needs and conditions.

Clinical References:

  • [13] “EGb 761: Ginkgo Biloba Extract, Ginkor.” Drugs in R&D, vol. 4, no. 3, 2003, pp. 188-193, doi:10.2165/00126839-200304030-00009. PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12757407/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [14] Burns, Nicholas R., et al. “Ginkgo Biloba: No Robust Effect on Cognitive Abilities or Mood in Healthy Young or Older Adults.” Human Psychopharmacology, vol. 21, no. 1, 2006, pp. 27-37, doi:10.1002/hup.739. PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16329161/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [15] Yan, Lixia, et al. “Treating Severe Adverse Drug Reactions Caused by Ischemic Optic Neuropathy with Ginkgo Biloba Extract Injection: A Case Report.” Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, vol. 29, no. 5, 2023, pp. 78-81. PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37392195/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.

Recent Development of Ginkgo Biloba Extract for Adults 50 Years Old and Above

Ginkgo biloba, a tree native to China, has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The extract from its leaves is popularly used in dietary supplements aimed at enhancing cognitive function and overall well-being, particularly among adults aged 50 and above. This section of the supplement guide focuses on the recent developments concerning Ginkgo biloba extract as a key ingredient in health dietary nutraceutical supplements for prevention strategies.

Efficacy in Cognitive Function and Dementia Prevention

Recent human studies have shed light on the potential benefits of Ginkgo biloba extract in improving cognitive function and possibly preventing dementia in older adults. A systematic review of Ginkgo biloba extracts for mild cognitive impairment and dementia highlighted that medication with Ginkgo biloba showed improvement in cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and daily activities, particularly when a high daily dose (240 mg) was used [17]. This suggests that Ginkgo biloba could be beneficial for adults over 50 who are experiencing early signs of cognitive decline or those diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment.

Cardiovascular Health Benefits

Ginkgo biloba has also been associated with potential cardiovascular benefits, which are particularly relevant for adults over 50. The extract has been noted for its vasorelaxant properties and its ability to improve blood perfusion, which are crucial in maintaining cardiovascular health [16]. These effects are beneficial for elderly populations who are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

## Safety Profile and Considerations

The safety of Ginkgo biloba extract is a critical aspect, especially for the elderly who might be on multiple medications. Generally, Ginkgo biloba is considered safe when taken in moderate amounts. However, it is known to interact with anticoagulants and other medications, which could increase the risk of bleeding [18]. Therefore, it is crucial for users, especially those over 50, to consult healthcare providers before starting any supplement regimen that includes Ginkgo biloba.

In conclusion, Ginkgo biloba extract remains a popular choice in dietary supplements aimed at improving cognitive and cardiovascular health among adults over 50. While some studies suggest benefits in specific areas, the overall effectiveness and safety require careful consideration and consultation with healthcare providers. As research continues, more definitive guidelines on the use of Ginkgo biloba for natural remedy in older adults may emerge, helping to better tailor its use in this population.

Clinical References:

What Are The Polyphenols and Terpenoids Supplement Alternatives to Ginkgo Biloba Extract for Adults 50 Years Old and Above in the Market Now?

Several polyphenols and terpenoids supplement alternatives to Ginkgo biloba extract for adults aged 50 years and above are available, each with different potential health benefits. Here are some of the alternatives:

  1. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Polyphenols with Probiotics: A study showed that mango polyphenols enhanced by supplemental probiotics improved biomarkers for inflammation and cognitive function in both lean and obese individuals [20].
  2. Aronia melanocarpa and Bee Pollen Supplements: These supplements are based on bioactive compounds extracted from Aronia melanocarpa and bee pollen, aiming to support physiological adaptations and minimize stress generated by intense physical activity, which could be beneficial for older adults looking to maintain an active lifestyle [21].
  3. Polyphenols-rich Tropical Fruit Juice: A clinical trial involving middle-aged women indicated that polyphenols-rich tropical fruit juice improved cognitive function and had a positive impact on metabolomics profiles [22].
  4. Encapsulated Tea Polyphenols: Encapsulated tea polyphenols in chitosan/alginate-coated zein nanoparticles showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, which could be a potential supplement for health maintenance [23].
  5. Coffee Polyphenols: Coffee polyphenols have been shown to prevent cognitive decline and suppress amyloid β plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting potential benefits for cognitive health in humans [24][29].
  6. Beet (Beta vulgaris) Microgreens: Beet microgreens have been demonstrated to be a powerful natural antioxidant, which could be beneficial for older adults looking to increase their antioxidant intake [25].
  7. Subcritical Water Extracts of Ginkgo biloba Leaves: These extracts are rich in polyphenols and have high antioxidant activity, which could be an alternative for those seeking the benefits of Ginkgo biloba in a different form [26].
  8. Food Supplements Rich in Hydroxytyrosol: Supplements containing concentrated olive water with hydroxytyrosol have shown antioxidant properties and radical scavenger bioactivities, which could be beneficial for cellular health [27].
  9. Shentai Tea Polyphenols: Shentai tea polyphenols have been associated with cognitive improvements in individuals with subjective cognitive decline, indicating potential benefits for brain health [28].

It is important to note that while these supplements show promise based on the studies cited, further research is often needed to fully understand their effects on health, especially in humans. Additionally, individuals should consult with healthcare professionals before starting any new supplement regimen, particularly if they have existing health conditions or are taking other medications.

Clinical References:

  • [20] Kim, Hyemee, et al. “Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) Polyphenols Enhanced by Supplemental Probiotics Improve Biomarkers for Inflammation and Cognitive Function in Lean and Obese Individuals.” Current Developments in Nutrition, vol. 6, Suppl 1, 299, 14 Jun. 2022, doi:10.1093/cdn/nzac053.040. PubMed Central (PMC), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193540/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [21] Tirla, Adrian, et al. “Designing New Sport Supplements Based on Aronia melanocarpa and Bee Pollen to Enhance Antioxidant Capacity and Nutritional Value.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), vol. 28, no. 19, 6944, 5 Oct. 2023, doi:10.3390/molecules28196944. PubMed Central (PMC), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10574696/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [22] Rosli, Hanisah, et al. “The Effects of Polyphenols-Rich Tropical Fruit Juice on Cognitive Function and Metabolomics Profile – A Randomized Controlled Trial in Middle-Aged Women.” Nutritional Neuroscience, vol. 25, no. 8, 2022, pp. 1577-1593, doi:10.1080/1028415X.2021.1880312. PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33666540/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [23] Fabrikov, Dmitri, et al. “Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Encapsulated Tea Polyphenols in Chitosan/Alginate-Coated Zein Nanoparticles: A Possible Supplement Against Fish Pathogens in Aquaculture.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, vol. 31, no. 9, 2024, pp. 13673-13687, doi:10.1007/s11356-024-32058-x. PubMed Central (PMC), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10881692/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [24] Ishida, Keiko, et al. “Coffee Polyphenols Prevent Cognitive Decline and Suppress Amyloid β Plaques in APP/PS2 Transgenic Mouse.” Proceedings for Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society, 2021. Semantic Scholar, https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7a822997b449bcf31f51f44f35146ff07a9ab071. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [25] Acharya, Jyotindra Devshanker, et al. “Pigments, Ascorbic Acid, and Total Polyphenols Content and Antioxidant Capacities of Beet (Beta vulgaris) Microgreens During Growth.” International Journal of Food Properties, vol. 24, 2021, pp. 1175-1186. Semantic Scholar, https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7ad61511869eca3fe4f4fcac93cc785cf2ee7530. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [26] Khizrieva, Salima Salimovna, et al. “Subcritical Water as a Tool for Obtaining Extracts of Secondary Plant Metabolites with High Antioxidant Activity from Ginkgo Biloba L. Leaves.” Chemistry of Plant Raw Material, 2023. Semantic Scholar, https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0e956a6ec1165e8b17082949e47d91085cf04d5f. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [27] Bender, Cecilia, Sarah Strassmann, and Pola Heidrich. “Cellular Antioxidant Effects and Bioavailability of Food Supplements Rich in Hydroxytyrosol.” Applied Sciences, vol. 11, 2021, pages 4763. Semantic Scholar, 22 May 2021, https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/05d3908e1b56373d91fedea46aa2e66d21a872c4. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [28] Ni, Lianghui, et al. “Neural Mechanism of Shentai Tea Polyphenols on Cognitive Improvements for Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease : JAD, vol. 82, no. 3, 2021, pp. 1137-1145, doi:10.3233/JAD-210469. PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34151814/. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.
  • [29] Ishida, Keiko, et al. “Coffee Polyphenols Prevent Cognitive Dysfunction and Suppress Amyloid β Plaques in APP/PS2 Transgenic Mouse.” bioRxiv, 2018. Semantic Scholar, https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f83c60f642afbc21a046bc57ea37343e960089d3. Accessed 26 Apr. 2024.

Literature Review of PubMed Research Studies:

Ginkgo biloba extract improves coronary blood flow in healthy elderly adults: role of endothelium-dependent vasodilation

Here is a comprehensive summary of the article:

The article examines the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on coronary blood flow and endothelial function in healthy elderly adults. Advancing age is known to decrease endothelial function, which can alter the regulation of coronary blood flow. 

The study involved 60 healthy elderly adults who were randomly assigned to either a GBE group or a control group. The researchers measured the blood flow in the distal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery before and after administering GBE or a saline placebo.

The results showed that GBE significantly increased several measures of LAD blood flow compared to the placebo group, including:

  • Maximal diastolic peak velocity (MDPV) increased by 19.16% vs 0.30% in placebo
  • Maximal systolic peak velocity (MSPV) increased by 17.76% vs 0.53% in placebo
  • Diastolic time velocity integral (DTVI) increased by 21.73% vs 0.81% in placebo

Additionally, brachial artery FMD, a measure of endothelium-dependent vasodilation, increased by 56.03% in the GBE group.

The researchers found a linear correlation between the improvements in LAD blood flow measures and the increase in brachial artery FMD following GBE treatment. This suggests the improved coronary blood flow with GBE is related to enhanced endothelial function.

In conclusion, the study demonstrates that GBE treatment in healthy elderly adults leads to increased coronary blood flow, which appears to be mediated by improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation. This indicates GBE may be a useful therapeutic strategy to counteract the detrimental effects of aging on the cardiovascular system.

Explain like I am someone who is non-technical:

Ginkgo biloba extract, often found in health supplements, was studied to see if it could help improve heart health in older adults.

As people age, the inner lining of their blood vessels (called the endothelium) doesn’t work as well, which can affect how well blood flows through the heart.

In this study, 60 older adults were split into two groups: one took Ginkgo biloba extract, and the other took a placebo, which is a substance with no medical effects. They measured how well blood was flowing in a specific artery of the heart and how well a major artery in the arm could expand before and after taking these substances. 

The results were promising for Ginkgo biloba extract, showing significant improvements in blood flow in the heart and the ability of the artery in the arm to expand, compared to the placebo. This suggests that Ginkgo biloba could help improve heart health by enhancing the function of the blood vessels, making it a potential option for older adults to maintain a healthier cardiovascular system as they age. 

Reference:

  • Wu, Yuzhou et al. “Ginkgo biloba extract improves coronary blood flow in healthy elderly adults: role of endothelium-dependent vasodilation.” Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology vol. 15,3 (2008): 164-9. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2007.12.002

Treatment effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on the spectrum of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Here is a comprehensive summary of the article:

The article presents a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD).

The key findings are:

The article presents a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD).

  1. The analysis included 4 trials involving a total of 1,628 patients with dementia (probable Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, or Alzheimer’s with cerebrovascular disease) who had clinically significant BPSD.
  2. Patients received either Ginkgo biloba extract (240 mg/day) or placebo for 22-24 weeks.
  3. Pooled analyses showed that Ginkgo biloba extract was significantly superior to placebo in improving total BPSD scores as well as 10 individual symptom scores, including agitation, depression, anxiety, apathy, irritability, and aberrant motor behaviour.
  4. Ginkgo biloba extract also led to significantly greater improvements in caregiver distress scores compared to placebo, except for delusions, hallucinations, and elation/euphoria.
  5. The benefits of Ginkgo biloba extract were primarily seen as improvements in symptoms that were present at baseline, but the incidence of some symptoms was also decreased.
  6. In conclusion, 22-24 weeks of treatment with Ginkgo biloba extract improved BPSD (except for psychotic-like features) and reduced caregiver distress in patients with dementia.

The meta-analysis provides evidence that Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® can be an effective treatment option for managing the broad spectrum of behavioral and psychological symptoms associated with dementia.

Explain like I am someone who is non-technical:

Imagine you’re looking at a study about a plant extract called Ginkgo biloba, specifically a version named Ginkgo biloba extract, and its impact on dementia symptoms that affect behavior and mood, like agitation or depression. 

Researchers looked at data from four different experiments, which together involved over 1,600 patients with dementia. These patients were either given Ginkgo biloba extract or a placebo (a harmless pill with no medical effect) for about 5 to 6 months. The study found that the group taking Ginkgo biloba extract showed a notable improvement in their symptoms compared to those who took the placebo.

The study found that the group taking Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® showed a notable improvement in their symptoms compared to those who took the placebo.

Not just the patients felt better, but the people taking care of them noticed it was easier to manage their care. The improvements were mostly in symptoms that the patients already had, although the extract also helped prevent some new symptoms from developing. 

Overall, this study suggests that Ginkgo biloba extract could be a helpful treatment for managing the challenging behavior and psychological symptoms often seen in dementia patients.

Reference:

  • Savaskan, Egemen et al. “Treatment effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on the spectrum of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.” International psychogeriatrics vol. 30,3 (2018): 285-293. doi:10.1017/S1041610217001892

Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates neurosensory symptoms in patients with dementia: a meta-analysis of treatment effects on tinnitus and dizziness in randomized, placebo-controlled trials

Here is a comprehensive summary of the article:

The article presents a meta-analysis that evaluates the effects of the Ginkgo biloba extract on tinnitus and dizziness in patients with dementia. The key points are:

Background:

  • Tinnitus and dizziness are common symptoms in elderly patients with dementia.
  • Previous clinical trials have found that Ginkgo biloba extract can alleviate tinnitus and dizziness in elderly patients.

Methods:

  • The meta-analysis included randomized, placebo-controlled trials of Ginkgo biloba extract in patients with dementia.
  • Trials had to meet criteria such as a treatment period of at least 20 weeks, assessment of tinnitus and dizziness, and low risk of bias.

Results:

  • 5 trials met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.
  • Ginkgo biloba extract was found to be superior to placebo in reducing the severity of tinnitus and dizziness, with statistically significant improvements.
  • The weighted mean differences for change from baseline were -1.06 for tinnitus and -0.77 for dizziness.

Conclusion:

  • The findings support the effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba extract in alleviating concomitant neurosensory symptoms like tinnitus and dizziness in patients with dementia.
  • In summary, this meta-analysis provides evidence that the Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® can help alleviate the common symptoms of tinnitus and dizziness in elderly patients with dementia.

Reference:

  • Spiegel, Rainer et al. “Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates neurosensory symptoms in patients with dementia: a meta-analysis of treatment effects on tinnitus and dizziness in randomized, placebo-controlled trials.” Clinical interventions in aging vol. 13 1121-1127. 13 Jun. 2018, doi:10.2147/CIA.S157877

Explain like I am someone who is non-technical:

Imagine you’re looking at a study about a special kind of natural extract from the Ginkgo biloba tree, called Ginkgo biloba extract, and how it might help older people with memory problems who also often feel dizzy or hear ringing in their ears, a condition known as tinnitus. 

Scientists gathered information from several smaller studies where this extract was given to such patients to see if it really helps reduce these uncomfortable feelings. They were very careful in choosing which studies to look at, making sure they were well-conducted and focused on patients for a good amount of time, at least 20 weeks. 

After examining data from five of these studies, they found that, indeed, patients taking Ginkgo biloba extract felt better, with less ringing in their ears and fewer dizzy spells, compared to those who didn’t take the extract but thought they were (a placebo). The numbers they crunched showed a clear improvement that wasn’t due to chance. 

So, the bottom line is, this Ginkgo biloba extract seems to be a promising way to help ease these particular symptoms in people who are dealing with dementia.

Reference:

  • Spiegel, Rainer et al. “Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates neurosensory symptoms in patients with dementia: a meta-analysis of treatment effects on tinnitus and dizziness in randomized, placebo-controlled trials.” Clinical interventions in aging vol. 13 1121-1127. 13 Jun. 2018, doi:10.2147/CIA.S157877

Blood amyloid levels and risk of dementia in the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study (GEMS): A longitudinal analysis

Here is a comprehensive summary of the article:

The article examines the relationship between baseline plasma β-amyloid (Aβ) levels and the risk of developing dementia over an 8.5-year period in 2,840 participants aged 75 and older from the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study (GEMS).

The key findings are:

  • Increased plasma Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels were associated with several factors, including female gender, older age, lower education, higher creatinine levels, history of stroke, and hypertension.
  • Among the 2,381 cognitively normal (CN) participants, those who developed dementia had lower levels of Aβ1-42 and a lower Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio compared to those who did not develop dementia.
  • In the 450 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Aβ levels did not predict the development of dementia.

The authors conclude that there is an inverse association between Aβ1-42 levels/Aβ1-42 to Aβ1-40 ratio and the risk of developing dementia in cognitively normal older adults. They also emphasize that cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, and renal function are important determinants of increased Aβ levels, and these factors need to be considered when evaluating the relationship between plasma Aβ and the subsequent risk of dementia.

Explain like I am someone who is non-technical:

Imagine our brain has a kind of waste product called beta-amyloid (Aβ), and the levels of this waste in our blood might tell us something about our risk of developing dementia as we get older.

In a study involving more than 2,800 people who were 75 or older, scientists looked at how much of this waste was in their blood and then waited to see who would develop dementia over the next 8.5 years.

They found that people with higher amounts of two specific types of this waste (Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42) in their blood were more likely to be older, women, have had less education, have higher levels of a waste product from muscle breakdown (creatinine), or have a history of stroke or high blood pressure.

Interestingly, among those who were still mentally sharp at the start, those who went on to develop dementia actually had lower levels of one type of this waste (Aβ1-42) and a lower ratio of Aβ1-42 to Aβ1-40 compared to those who didn’t develop dementia.

However, for people who were already showing early signs of memory problems (mild cognitive impairment), the amount of this waste didn’t predict who would get dementia.

The study suggests that having less of the Aβ1-42 type or a lower ratio of Aβ1-42 to Aβ1-40 might mean a higher risk of dementia for people who are still mentally sharp, but other health issues like heart and kidney disease also play a big role in changing the levels of this waste in our blood.

Reference:

  • Lopez, Oscar L et al. “Blood amyloid levels and risk of dementia in the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study (GEMS): A longitudinal analysis.” Alzheimer’s & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer’s Association vol. 15,8 (2019): 1029-1038. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2019.04.008

This article was medically reviewed by:

Lian Hooi San – Product Manager

Ms. Lian Hooi San graduated with a bachelor’s degree in food science and nutrition from Universiti Malaysia Sabah, followed by a Master’s degree in Clinical Nutrition from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. She oversees product management, development, and regulatory affairs. Additionally, Ms. Lian holds the role of internal GMP auditor at Thomson Health.

She has previously worked in the healthcare division of the marketing department of an MLM company, focusing on product management and development. She also gained experience in quality control and quality assurance within the food ingredient sector while working in the quality control department of a seasonings manufacturing company. Ms. Lian actively participates in product training, roadshows, public health talks, and guest appearances on TV shows.

Published Academic Journal

  • Development of Physical Activity Pyramid in Braille for Visually Impaired Adults
  • Lian, H. S., N. S. Safii, and N. Mohd Raus. “Development of Physical Activity Pyramid in Braille for Visually Impaired Adults”. Journal of Quran Sunnah Education & Special Needs, vol. 2, no. 1, June 2018, pp. 9-17, doi:10.33102/jqss.vol2no1.9.

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Scroll to Top